Author: Gary Jackson

Ethyl alcohol is effective at killing a large range of viruses, but this doesn’t include hepatitis A or poliovirus. Ethyl alcohol is naturally produced by yeasts when they ferment sugars. As well as being consumed in beverages, it’s used medically as an antiseptic and disinfectant. Breweries and biofuel plants employ two methods for measuring ethanol […]

Shulgin went on to develop a range of new compounds, with varying effects and risks, including MDMA and PMMA (paramethoxymethamphetamine), many of which ended up as versions of street ecstasy. It was many years after this that MDMA eventually appeared on the streets as a recreational drug. In 2017, the Food and Drug Administration granted […]

Comparisons of Groups 1 and 2 revealed that the 82% who were deniers were slightly younger and had lower proportions with alcohol dependence, lower average maximum drinks, and fewer AUD criteria endorsed compared to non-deniers. Group 1 deniers were also less likely to endorse every specific AUD criterion except for D3 (drinking more or longer […]

You may experience symptoms like trouble sleeping, mood swings, and irritability when you stop. Even after completing a marijuana detox regime, THC can remain detectable in urine for anywhere from a couple of days to a full month. Tests for urine, blood, hair, and saliva can all be tested for THC, but most tests are […]

The former finding, that ketamine decreases dopamine in the midbrain, may indicate why long-term abuse of ketamine could cause users to exhibit similar symptoms to people with schizophrenia, a mood disorder. The latter finding, that ketamine increases dopamine in the parts of the brain that regulate metabolism, on the other hand, may help explain why […]

Fortunately, several preparation methods can help mask the flavor and get the consumption part of the experience over and done with as quickly as possible. Mushrooms don’t tend to burn well, so you’d need to add tobacco to smoke them efficiently. Tobacco smoke contains over 9,500 different chemicals — over 250 are harmful, and at […]

Whether you are contemplating this decision or it’s already been made, you should be proud of yourself for taking this important first step. You may have heard people say, “once they hit rock bottom, they’ll get help.” This saying is dangerous because it encourages a person to keep going until they are near death or […]

Free radicals (also called reactive oxygen species [ROS]) are one of the by-products of alcohol metabolism and are known to cause cellular damage, unless the body can use antioxidants to clean them up. Oxidative stress occurs when the body cannot detoxify free radicals as fast as they are being produced, and it is pivotal in […]

There is an absence of scientific research regarding 2C-B addiction and withdrawal. 2C-B is considered to have a low potential for abuse similar to other hallucinogens. In the case of 2C-B addiction treatment, there is no evidence to suggest whether it is optimal to quit 2C-B cold turkey or gradually. It is potentially very dangerous in […]

Counselors may select from a menu of services that meet the specific medical, mental, social, occupational, family, and legal needs of their patients to help in their recovery. The chronic nature of addiction means that for some people relapse, or a return to drug use after an attempt to stop, can be part of the […]